WEBVTT - generated by ViMP OTH Regensburg

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Welcome to our interview This interview is
about future skills, the competencies that
are important for the future.

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And I would suggest that they first do a short
introduction and

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then a few days the interview is used for a
moodle course Thank you.

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Thank you for the invitation.

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I say a little something to myself. My name
is Thomas Kriza I am Professor of Digitalization,
Technology Consequences and Applied

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Ethics.

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I am a philosopher and business informatics
specialist by training.

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A little bit about my career. I first studied
business informatics, in a dual course of study
at the Stuttgart University of Cooperative

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Education in cooperation with IBM.

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Then I programmed for IBM.

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I have designed major customers, applications
in the banking and insurance sectors.

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But I only did it part-time because I wanted
to study philosophy.

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I majored in philosophy and minored in sociology
and psychology.

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And then I also did my doctorate in philosophy.

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My doctoral thesis was the question of the
meaning of life.

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The doctoral thesis was also published as a
book and I designed my studies and

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my doctorate in such a way that I programmed
part-time for IBM during it.

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When I finished, I started at Coburg University
of Applied Sciences.

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philosophy.

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These were primarily courses on technology
ethics in interdisciplinary settings, especially

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on the ethical issues of digitalization, but
also on genuinely philosophical topics.

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And since 2020, I have been teaching courses
on the ethical issues of digitization and

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philosophical courses here at OT Regensburg,
for example the Philosophical Café.

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Yes, then we come to the questions.

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There are a lot of successful people in the
story and there in the book by Robert Green
Mastery.

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He has different biographies.

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Newton and.

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Curriculum vitae summarized and then what he
found

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out from it is that the successful people,
the listeners, hear their inner voice.

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We would like to.

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Just as you said before, you want to be philosophy
in this area?

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And then you later also quit and then moved
on to the.

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To answer my question: What is the meaning
of life and how can one meaningfully classify
the big life?

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This is one of the most important competencies.

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Of course, this is a big question that cannot
be answered with a simple answer.

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First of all, you can separate certain things
from each other.

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We can ask the question of the meaning of life.

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And we have to distinguish between them.

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The question of the good life or the question
of the happy life.

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On the other hand. And then we can say: Am.

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When it comes to the question of the good life,
of the ways for our happiness, we have different
options.

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We can become happy by having a little fun
in life or by trying to be successful in our
careers.

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By trying to get rich, for example.

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But we can also live a good life, become happy
when we start a family

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and become happy with our family through family
life.

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Health is often also linked to a happy, good
life.

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We can get involved socially, for other people,
stand up, lead a moral life.

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We can live a religious life, obey the Ten
Commandments for my sake, and thus live a good
life.

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And we have very different ways to live a good
life in order to become happy.

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And from this we still distinguish the question:
What is the point of all this?

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The question of meaning, the question of the
meaning of life.

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A particularly good example of the difference
between this question and

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the question of the good life is the Russian
writer Leo Tolstoy.

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He was very successful in many areas of his
life.

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He was already a famous writer back then. He
has the.

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He has written successful novels that were
already considered the best novels ever written.

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And that's how we still see his novels today.
Anna Karenina, War and Peace.

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He was rich because he was a Russian aristocrat.

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He had large estates, many serfs.

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He had a family that he loved.

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He had a wife, He had many children.

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Arm. He was rich, He was healthy, strong, and
beautiful.

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Everyone loved him.

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And he was maximally successful in life, so
you can say: This is an example

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of a person who has really realized the very
many aspects of a good life.

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And he was extremely unhappy because he didn't
see any meaning in his life.

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He asked himself the question: Why am I doing
all this?

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What do I live for, what do I live for, what
do I act for?

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And he didn't have a good answer to this question
and was therefore very unhappy and went in
search of this question of meaning.

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And this is an example of how this question
can arise, even when everything else in life
fits and is going perfectly.

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And. And then you can point out how such questions
arise as: How does our life work?

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We have been brought into the world, we have
been born and we have to do something with
our lives, so to speak.

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And our life is not an automatism that would
simply run away from itself.

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Our lives are not something we would passively
watch.

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We have to take care of our lives.

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We have to make an effort to make our lives
successful, to lead a good life.

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And we have to relate to ourselves, in our
lives and to the world in which we live.

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We have to understand the world in which we
live, and we have to understand ourselves and

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also our needs, goals, desires, fears, dislikes
in this world, so that it can be said that

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on the one hand we form ideas about the world
in which we live, and on the other hand ideas
about ourselves and our goals in this life.

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And then you can ask yourself: How well do
the ideas about the world fit with our ideas
of the good life?

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And that is the question of meaning, so to
speak, when we see a great contradiction between
our ideas about the world and the ideas of
the

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good life of a contradiction.

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If there is a tension, then the question arises:
Why am I doing all this?

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The one that Tolstoy asked and Tolstoy already
wrote in the 19th century.

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century to a tension that still arises today
in a similar way.

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If we ask ourselves the question: How does
the world work?

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How is the world connected? What are the basic
principles of the world?

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Then such questions will be answered by the
sciences.

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The sciences explain to us what is the case
in the world and why it is the case.

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The sciences explain to us the interrelationships
of the world, but the sciences are silent on
the question of how we should live in this

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world.

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And they are also silent on the question of
what we are actually in the world for.

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That is

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on the one hand, the sciences do not address
this question, and on the other hand, one

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can also see a contradiction between all our
ideas of the good life and the ways

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to a happy life on the one hand and the findings
of science on the other.

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Science locates us on some small planet in
a solar system around a

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star, and there are billions and billions of
stars in our galaxy.

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There are billions and billions of galaxies
in the universe.

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We are not the center of the world.

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The universe is not geared towards us.

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The universe doesn't care if we're happy or
unhappy.

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At some point, planet Earth will no longer
be there.

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Everything that we have built up as human beings
will eventually pass away.

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So why are we doing anything at all?

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You can ask yourself this question and in my
book I examine the good philosophical answers
we have to this question.

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For what? What do we actually live for as human
beings?

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We have different philosophical answers.

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On the one hand, very old answers that come
from antiquity, on the other hand, modern answers.

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And I show in my book, or I try to show in
my book, that in antiquity these answers may
have

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worked better than today and that today we
have special tensions in our answers.

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See

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that How can you be happy and be successful?

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At the same time has given an answer and he
has through

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this analysis of these medicinal herbs the
people

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here in East Timor have one who already have
them,

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what they want to do and for example history
and he so

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his dad has never given up because he has tried
to get him. You can't walk.

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Doing something else.

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And then he happened to buy articles as a biologist
and then through wisdom and

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then this variant, where different types of
instruction were seen and then later he did.

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And then he has a way and he was one of the
most important of all mankind.

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And my question is, how can you investigate
something like that?

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How can you hear this inner voice?

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What shall I do? What are my talents? Which
one?

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Said yes? So

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off to the children.

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About four or five years and they hear this
inner voice. Very good.

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Beautiful voice, weaker and weaker that of
the port of parents.

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You are supposed to be different.

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You can have more markers in life, so what
is it

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about but what I have in her biography.

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Later, after Hannes, you half realized that
you wanted to go into philosophy.

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Is that a loyalty and error, so you try and
then you see it?

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Or did you realize from the beginning, when
you're a child and then realize: I want to
do the same with it.

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Because on the one hand, this talent is on
the one hand.

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Through experience and something like that,
a recommendation, how can you hear this take
the child's or what?

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How can you then know what I want to do or
how I can say happy?

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And that's a good question.

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It is also related to the question of how we
see ourselves as human beings.

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And I would almost say that for 500 years,
500 years ago, people have pointed out that
we are free.

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The Renaissance philosopher Pico della Mirandola
put it this way: We were born on the condition
that we should be what we want to be.

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This is the idea that we humans are free to
live one way or another,

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that we are called upon to find our own way
in life and to develop our own possibilities.

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And then you can describe it with this idea
that we listen to an inner voice, that he hears
an

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inner voice that says in this direction and
not in that direction and and and That's how
you can describe it, the vast majority of them.

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So even if you don't hear this inner voice,
life takes place in such a way that

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you have your own wishes, your own ideas, your
own needs and that you grow up in

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a society and this society makes demands on
you, for example: Become happy, look for your
own way.

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These are demands.

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But then there is also such demand to study
something that leads to a secure profession.

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Study something that leads to a well-paid profession
to do this, do that, do that.

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We are constantly confronted with demands from
outside and many philosophers

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point out that life is about not rejecting
all these demands, but recognizing

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which of these demands we want to fulfill and
which of these demands we do not want to fulfill.

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And there are many, so many philosophers who
point out with good arguments that if we only

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listen to the voices from outside and only
give in to the demands of society, then

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we are guaranteed not to lead a good life and
also not to be happy in life.

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That is, we need to find ways to understand
our own needs, to

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understand our own abilities, to understand
our own gifts.

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That means we have to, we have to deal with
ourselves. And that means

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that we are not afraid to really ask ourselves
the question: What do we want from life?

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And that we ask this question in such a way
that we first ignore all the demands from the

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outside, that we ask ourselves the question
How do I want to live and how could I be satisfied

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with my life, that we don't ask this question
only at the end of our lives, when it may be
too

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late, that we don't ask this question on our
deathbed, for example, but much earlier.

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And that we have the courage to make the right
decisions for ourselves.

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And what are the right decisions? You can't
say that from the outside.

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To say that this can only be answered by each
person for themselves and that you have to
deal with yourself.

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You don't have to be afraid to face your own
feelings, to ask your own

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thoughts and really ask yourself the question:
What is the most important thing to me in life?

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And that's an old philosophical question.

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This has already been asked in ancient times.

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Philosophers have placed it in such a way that
attention has been focused on this question.

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Do I also do small exercises?

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Focused on this question: What is really important
in life?

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That is the crucial question.

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What methods I use to meditate through my dissertation.

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That you notice that this outside voice

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Money

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Yes, status have been highly praised in this
society.

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Yes, then you have money and a big house, yes,
so how and then are people

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successful and then But how can you change
children like that, or how can you block out
all that?

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What method or what about You can imagine different
methods.

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A very old method is, for example, to write
down your own thoughts, perhaps keep something
like a diary.

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If we look at ancient philosophy, then by the
way, one is very nice to read: The philosopher
Marcus Aurelius, a so-called Stoic.

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He also happened to be Roman emperor, and as
emperor he had soliloquies with himself,

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which he wrote down, and these are still preserved
today, self-reflections that he conducted.

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In these self-reflections, he asked himself
the question of what is

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really important in life, what, what makes
a good emperor, etc.

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And these are interesting considerations.

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Of course, we are not emperors in ancient Rome,
but this method, that you think about

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yourself, that you first take time to be alone,
that's what developmental psychologists

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also say, by the way, that being alone is an
arm is a condition for somehow being able

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to build up a relationship with yourself, to
build a relationship with yourself.

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That you are not afraid to be alone and to
pursue your own thoughts and feelings.

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And then it can be an interesting method to
write down these

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feelings and try to objectify them a bit, so
that you can read them

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later, step back a bit, but just being alone
and pursuing your own

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feelings is not a luxury, but a condition for
finding out who you are.

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So.

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Intimacy.

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Meditation.

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Cold shower.

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Yes. And then how to make it go into the forest.

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So in the. Into nature.

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And you want more contact with nature, so you
really want to

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what yes.

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So I have to hike.

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Yes, unfortunately yes.

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Well, everything yes, that's how you live.
Yes.

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And then home and you have a lot of thoughts.

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But what are these lives?

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And I'm surprised that written in 1800, the
first society is about

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consumption. Also how much do I need, where
can I except.

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Come together online,

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at. The.

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But people.

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Not being alone and in nature, where I and
also animals

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Yes, yes, so you can see yes, yes, yes, also
a good yes, that's definitely a good method.

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And it is also a very old method, even with
many philosophers of ancient Greece, ancient
Rome it

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is pointed out that what makes us unhappy are
often fears and worries about small things.

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That you get annoyed with some colleagues at
work, that you have fears and worries about
things that.

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Actually, maybe they're not so wild, aren't
that bad.

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And then it can help to get out of the rut
of this everyday life and, for example,

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go into the forest, into nature, so that you
somehow direct your gaze to the big picture.

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And if you look at the big picture, then perhaps
your own small

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worries and fears may become less important
and less depressing.

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Because we are naked: Maybe it's not all that
bad and everything is not so noticeable.

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And with the ancient philosophers, it had a
different character, because they assumed that
we as humans are part of a meaningful cosmos.

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Today, we generally no longer think so, because
we see ourselves located in a meaningless,
meaningless new world that is explained to
us

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by the sciences.

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But I think we can still recognize that we
go out into nature, look at the

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beauty of the world, absorb it and that we
are freed from the fixation on the small worries
and fears of everyday life.

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This and that can still help as a method.

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And we have already discussed the topic, i.e.
consumption, yes, yes and no.

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It searches. They

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That's why and.

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Yes, yes, yes watching videos as a course is
five, isn't it?

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Yes, but that recommends more and more videos.

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And then.

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I noticed that when I sometimes hear baby laughing
today, then two

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hours later Ah okay, then I looked at the sofa
for so long and then games,

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took drugs and there is more and more growth
in India and we are growing into the future.

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A healthy society or what?

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What else do the ancient philosophers in Greece
or Aachen have?

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I would answer this question with philosophers
who are not quite so old, but

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rather with this new idea that we as human
beings are free and self-determined.

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We are the living beings who can and should
freely determine our lives, our individual
lives and social coexistence.

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So to speak, we were born on the condition
that we should be what we want to be.

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And if we now unfold in today's digitalized
world in social media and are

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sucked into these digital worlds by the algorithms
of social media, that

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we develop addictive behavior, that we spend
many hours and hours on these

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social media and that we then realize that
we have wasted our time, that we are then also
unhappy.

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Then you can't say that we are free and self-determined.

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We are unfree and externally determined.

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If we are addicted to social media, to theater,
videos, to

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drugs, then we do not live a free life and
it applies to a good life, to a meaningful
life, to a healthy life.

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It is important to develop this life freely.

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That means, I would answer that, of course,
we have to take

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individual measures to get out of such addictive
behavior.

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We have to do that as an individual.

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But even more than that, as societies, we have
to make sure that, for example, the algorithms
in social media are not optimized to make

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people addicted.

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That they are not optimized to keep people
on these platforms for as long as

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possible, so that companies must and can make
as much profit as possible.

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As societies, we can regulate social media,
for example.

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This is done through legislation at the level
of the European Union, through the Digital
Services Act.

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Through the new one, we as a democratic society
can steer the development of

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technology towards goals that we set ourselves
as a democratic society.

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This means a self-determined life that we as
individuals direct our lives and that we

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also direct our lives in social coexistence
and ask ourselves the question: How should

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social media work so that we can lead a good,
happy life in these social media?

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And to consumption, where you then also say:
Well, then maybe you can argue a little differently.

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We have already talked about the topic.

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And.

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It's more that you decide what I do, because
the companies are always there.

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Because.

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You take care of it.

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There is a lot.

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And you know very, very much.

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Today about the.

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These are the people who bought a lot of things,

285
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bought them stacked in the apartment or could
have property.

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Just like that.

287
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And more than a ton of products every

288
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year that pollute our earth, but.

289
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And then there are some cars.

290
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Over 90% of the time.

291
00:27:05.020 --> 00:27:08.020
Just standing around.

292
00:27:08.020 --> 00:27:14.020
Do you want to turn on the car? What?

293
00:27:17.020 --> 00:27:21.020
What the future holds for society

294
00:27:21.020 --> 00:27:23.020
current

295
00:27:23.020 --> 00:27:24.020
in cars.

296
00:27:24.020 --> 00:27:29.020
Because there are CO2 emissions as it can.

297
00:27:30.020 --> 00:27:38.020
But is the future, because we need more road
traffic, but also more resources for the batteries.

298
00:27:42.020 --> 00:27:48.020
But public transport is not so good at the
moment.

299
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In Germany: What are, what are the future?

300
00:27:55.020 --> 00:27:58.020
What to?

301
00:27:58.020 --> 00:28:03.080
Or or What can you do with a small citizen,
what you.

302
00:28:05.080 --> 00:28:16.080
So, an old philosophical answer, which is also
relevant here, is of course the hint that possession
does not necessarily make us happy.

303
00:28:16.080 --> 00:28:20.080
That means the question: what is really important
in life?

304
00:28:20.080 --> 00:28:23.080
Very often

305
00:28:23.080 --> 00:28:30.080
the answer is not really important in life
to have a new car, a new mobile phone, new
products every year.

306
00:28:30.080 --> 00:28:36.080
That you become happier when you have two or
three cars or have five or six cars.

307
00:28:38.080 --> 00:28:45.080
An old philosophical answer is to point out
that what we have, what we possess, does not
necessarily make us happy, that perhaps we
should

308
00:28:45.080 --> 00:28:48.080
even free ourselves from it.

309
00:28:49.080 --> 00:28:55.080
A new insight that is important in this context
is the realization that we are

310
00:28:55.080 --> 00:29:05.040
destroying nature on the planet through our
way of life, that we are using the resources
of our planet sustainably and that we.

311
00:29:05.040 --> 00:29:11.040
And thus perhaps put themselves in danger and
perhaps even wipe them out themselves in the
future.

312
00:29:12.040 --> 00:29:18.040
And this is a new insight that we humans can
cause a lot of damage through our way of life.

313
00:29:19.040 --> 00:29:25.040
And if you add that up, then you can actually
only answer this question by

314
00:29:25.040 --> 00:29:31.040
pointing out that we will need a more sustainable
use of resources in the future,

315
00:29:31.040 --> 00:29:38.040
that we will also need a more sustainable form
of mobility, and perhaps it is

316
00:29:38.040 --> 00:29:44.040
the case that the more sustainable form of
mobility in the future will not have

317
00:29:44.040 --> 00:29:51.040
to go through owning your own vehicle, but
that we either car-sharing offers

318
00:29:51.040 --> 00:29:57.040
or public transport services more strongly
that we have to rethink mobility

319
00:29:57.040 --> 00:30:02.000
and get away from a fixation on ownership of
one's own vehicle.

320
00:30:02.000 --> 00:30:04.000
So I could well imagine that.

321
00:30:04.000 --> 00:30:11.000
And I think you can also reinforce this with
good philosophical arguments, that

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00:30:11.000 --> 00:30:20.000
on the one hand we need a sustainable way of
life and on the other hand that we don't live
worse if we have less property.

323
00:30:23.000 --> 00:30:26.000
When we have.

324
00:30:26.000 --> 00:30:32.000
So at the employer interview conducted and
then some

325
00:30:32.000 --> 00:30:39.000
employers have said, actually we don't care
about

326
00:30:39.000 --> 00:30:44.000
technical skills as well as this like this.

327
00:30:44.000 --> 00:30:50.000
Then my question is, how can you like, how
is a good person?

328
00:30:50.000 --> 00:30:57.000
What competencies and qualities a good person
and if the company or employer

329
00:30:57.000 --> 00:31:02.060
hear whether this person is reliable that can
be said about

330
00:31:02.060 --> 00:31:07.060
within.

331
00:31:08.060 --> 00:31:13.060
Yes, but you relearn that.

332
00:31:13.060 --> 00:31:19.060
In society, in the family or where you can
organize

333
00:31:19.060 --> 00:31:25.060
about this person then around what how do you
define

334
00:31:25.060 --> 00:31:32.060
some people who do a good job well well alone
but do

335
00:31:32.060 --> 00:31:40.060
not take it on a good woman or husband and
in the family.

336
00:31:44.060 --> 00:31:52.060
Well, we in philosophy are hesitant to give
firm definitions of a good person.

337
00:31:52.060 --> 00:31:55.060
Of course, you can list certain virtues.

338
00:31:55.060 --> 00:32:01.020
In antiquity, such enumerations as wisdom,
justice, bravery, moderation were used.

339
00:32:02.020 --> 00:32:04.020
One can enumerate such lists.

340
00:32:04.020 --> 00:32:12.020
Today we point out that every human being has
his or her own value, his or her own dignity.

341
00:32:12.020 --> 00:32:19.020
And that is the foundation of our social order,
that we grant every human

342
00:32:19.020 --> 00:32:25.020
being an intrinsic value, regardless of his
or her way of life as a human

343
00:32:25.020 --> 00:32:32.020
being, and that is why we can perhaps say that
we as a society do not think

344
00:32:32.020 --> 00:32:38.020
it is good when people kill or injure other
people or when they die, when

345
00:32:38.020 --> 00:32:44.020
they steal or carry out a robbery, then you
can say, these are bad behaviors,

346
00:32:44.020 --> 00:32:51.020
but we point out that all people still have
their own dignity and thus

347
00:32:51.020 --> 00:32:58.020
have their own value, and that this may not
be taken away by the way we live.

348
00:32:58.020 --> 00:33:00.080
On the one hand.

349
00:33:00.080 --> 00:33:05.080
On the other hand, we understand people as
free, self-determined individuals.

350
00:33:05.080 --> 00:33:12.080
And that is perhaps an indication that we associate
the good life

351
00:33:12.080 --> 00:33:18.080
with freedom and self-determination, both individually.

352
00:33:18.080 --> 00:33:25.080
A person lives as a human being when he or
she develops freely and self-determinedly.

353
00:33:25.080 --> 00:33:35.080
And we want to have a society of people who
all develop freely and independently in harmony
with each other.

354
00:33:35.080 --> 00:33:42.080
And because we don't say from the outside:
This is the way to the good life and not us.

355
00:33:42.080 --> 00:33:50.080
We recognize that everyone, every individual,
must find their own way to the good way of
life themselves.

356
00:33:51.080 --> 00:33:55.080
That's why we say that we live in a pluralistic
society.

357
00:33:55.080 --> 00:34:01.040
We set up our society in such a way that we
can realize very different paths to

358
00:34:01.040 --> 00:34:12.040
happiness, to the good life, and that we can
ensure that everyone can develop according
to their own needs, desires and abilities.

359
00:34:12.040 --> 00:34:21.040
So, and in this respect, philosophers hesitate
to say: This is the list that determines a
good person.

360
00:34:21.040 --> 00:34:28.040
And this is the list that determines a bad
person. But you also rightly point

361
00:34:28.040 --> 00:34:34.040
out that employers expect certain things from
certain behaviors from their

362
00:34:34.040 --> 00:34:41.040
employees and that this does not refer exclusively
to specialist knowledge

363
00:34:41.040 --> 00:34:48.040
and they expect, and this is also sometimes
said today: You expect personality.

364
00:34:48.040 --> 00:34:50.040
They have, but expect personalities.

365
00:34:50.040 --> 00:35:00.000
And then you can say that if you as a human
being have really found out freely and self-determinedly
what your own path to the good life is.

366
00:35:00.000 --> 00:35:06.000
If, for example, you have chosen a profession
very consciously, if you have consciously

367
00:35:06.000 --> 00:35:12.000
chosen an employer, then that may be a good
prerequisite for you to be able to

368
00:35:12.000 --> 00:35:17.000
develop and be successful with this employer
or in this professional field.

369
00:35:18.000 --> 00:35:20.000
And in this respect

370
00:35:20.000 --> 00:35:27.000
is an important aspect that you develop your
own personality and of course, if

371
00:35:27.000 --> 00:35:33.000
this own personality includes that we start
a family, for example, and we want

372
00:35:33.000 --> 00:35:44.000
this family to work, then it is not so easy
to say from the outside: this is how family
life has to look like and this and not like
that.

373
00:35:44.000 --> 00:35:53.000
But we can point out from the outside that
all people in a family are human beings and
are therefore free, self-determined individuals.

374
00:35:53.000 --> 00:35:57.000
Husband and wife or husband, husband, wife,
wife.

375
00:35:57.000 --> 00:36:02.060
Depending on the type of marriage, both are
free, self-determined individuals.

376
00:36:02.060 --> 00:36:10.060
And if they recognize themselves as such, then
that may be a good prerequisite for a successful
family.

377
00:36:10.060 --> 00:36:13.060
And this also applies to the growing up of
children.

378
00:36:13.060 --> 00:36:16.060
The children grow up as free, self-determined
individuals.

379
00:36:16.060 --> 00:36:21.060
They are not at the beginning, but they unfold
in the course of their lives.

380
00:36:21.060 --> 00:36:28.060
And if you adjust to it, then maybe that's
not a bad prerequisite

381
00:36:28.060 --> 00:36:34.060
and so you can give some hints from the outside
about how it could

382
00:36:34.060 --> 00:36:42.060
work at work, in the professional field, with
the employer, in a family, etc.

383
00:36:42.060 --> 00:36:48.060
But as philosophers, we hesitate to make concrete
lists.

384
00:36:48.060 --> 00:36:50.060
That's how it has to be and that's not how
it has to be.

385
00:36:50.060 --> 00:36:56.060
Life is multi-layered, personalities are multi-layered
and there are

386
00:36:56.060 --> 00:37:01.020
very different ways to develop in professional
life, in private life.

387
00:37:02.020 --> 00:37:07.020
And in this respect, a society must also enable
different paths.

388
00:37:07.020 --> 00:37:10.020
We have previously discussed

389
00:37:11.020 --> 00:37:15.020
successful people.

390
00:37:15.020 --> 00:37:17.020
Successful? Yes.

391
00:37:17.020 --> 00:37:24.020
My next question is: Is there then certainly
self-employment under a not only financially
self-employed.

392
00:37:25.020 --> 00:37:32.020
So which one is first and then comes because
on your CV you have and

393
00:37:32.020 --> 00:37:38.020
understood so, but this work that act in philosophy,
that means in have

394
00:37:38.020 --> 00:37:45.020
country security in financing security and
then then they have chosen the job.

395
00:37:46.020 --> 00:37:51.020
So it's my question now on one.

396
00:37:52.020 --> 00:37:54.020
Do you have to have such a good life?

397
00:37:54.020 --> 00:38:00.080
If you want to, you have to worry more about
the fact that you have money for the basic
life.

398
00:38:02.080 --> 00:38:03.080
Life?

399
00:38:03.080 --> 00:38:06.080
To find?

400
00:38:06.080 --> 00:38:10.080
Or is it finished? Yes.

401
00:38:10.080 --> 00:38:14.080
It is difficult, because the question What
is really important in life?

402
00:38:14.080 --> 00:38:20.080
Um. You can perhaps lead a good life with very
few material

403
00:38:20.080 --> 00:38:26.080
means and be free if you work on your inner
attitude to it.

404
00:38:26.080 --> 00:38:30.080
Well, I don't think there are many material
things to a good life.

405
00:38:30.080 --> 00:38:37.080
But we must also point out that we as a society
today have achieved a high

406
00:38:37.080 --> 00:38:45.080
level of material prosperity, at least in the
rich, industrialized Western countries.

407
00:38:45.080 --> 00:38:55.080
In recent centuries and this is an important
factor for a good life and for happiness in
life.

408
00:38:56.080 --> 00:39:06.040
If we now look at empirical happiness research
and, for example, look at this large-scale
international study, the World Happiness Report.

409
00:39:06.040 --> 00:39:13.040
This large-scale study operates with a simple
question: How happy do you feel?

410
00:39:13.040 --> 00:39:20.040
Methodologically, you distinguish this from
short-term happiness, short-term happiness,
from long-term happiness.

411
00:39:21.040 --> 00:39:23.040
They work with the metaphor of a ladder.

412
00:39:23.040 --> 00:39:29.040
If the best possible life is the tenth stage
and the worst is the first stage, where do
you see yourself?

413
00:39:29.040 --> 00:39:39.040
And those who are on a very high level of happiness
are more likely to be people in richer countries.

414
00:39:39.040 --> 00:39:46.040
Typically, the Scandinavian countries do very
well, but of course Germany also does well.

415
00:39:46.040 --> 00:39:56.040
This empirical happiness study tries to explain
why certain people in certain countries respond
differently than in other countries.

416
00:39:56.040 --> 00:40:03.000
And they have identified six factors that can
explain why one should respond to the question
How happy do you feel?

417
00:40:04.000 --> 00:40:05.000
Either way.

418
00:40:05.000 --> 00:40:12.000
And one factor is material prosperity, which
is the national product per capita

419
00:40:12.000 --> 00:40:17.000
in a society, that is a factor, that is not
the only factor, but it is a

420
00:40:17.000 --> 00:40:22.000
factor that material prosperity can contribute
to happiness.

421
00:40:23.000 --> 00:40:31.000
This empirical happiness study also identifies
other factors that come into play, such as
social cohesion.

422
00:40:32.000 --> 00:40:36.000
Health is an important, an important factor.

423
00:40:36.000 --> 00:40:39.000
Then the freedom to make life decisions.

424
00:40:39.000 --> 00:40:42.000
This is also an important factor for happiness.

425
00:40:42.000 --> 00:40:49.000
Then the generosity of a society is a factor
and the perceived corruption in a society.

426
00:40:49.000 --> 00:40:50.000
That's also a factor.

427
00:40:50.000 --> 00:40:57.000
And these are the six factors of this happiness
study, and material prosperity is one of the
factors

428
00:40:57.000 --> 00:41:02.060
that determine whether or not the authors of
the study point out that we live in a time
where

429
00:41:02.060 --> 00:41:08.060
we cannot necessarily increase subjective happiness
by increasing material wealth.

430
00:41:08.060 --> 00:41:13.060
We have to apply other levers, these other
six levers for example.

431
00:41:13.060 --> 00:41:18.060
And that is why this study is also designed
as a recommendation for action to politicians.

432
00:41:18.060 --> 00:41:24.060
How do we set up our societies in such a way
that the people in society feel happy?

433
00:41:26.060 --> 00:41:27.060
Yes, exactly.

434
00:41:27.060 --> 00:41:32.060
The feeling, sometimes inequality, injustice,
poverty.

435
00:41:34.060 --> 00:41:37.060
People are perceived more,

436
00:41:37.060 --> 00:41:42.060
women.

437
00:41:42.060 --> 00:41:46.060
In Kinshasa and usually the woman cares in
the family.

438
00:41:46.060 --> 00:41:49.060
That was possible

439
00:41:49.060 --> 00:41:54.060
then the woman's career is sometimes destroyed
by.

440
00:41:54.060 --> 00:41:59.060
Sometimes bad luck or.

441
00:42:00.020 --> 00:42:05.020
Or illness and cancer.

442
00:42:08.020 --> 00:42:09.020
This is a coincidence.

443
00:42:09.020 --> 00:42:14.020
But how can you deal with it so that you actually
understand.

444
00:42:16.020 --> 00:42:24.020
Because there are injustices in wartime and
there are some who have a rich family because
they have a rich family.

445
00:42:24.020 --> 00:42:29.020
Yes, yes, at the moment we have

446
00:42:29.020 --> 00:42:31.020
in the

447
00:42:31.020 --> 00:42:32.020
fortunately not in Germany.

448
00:42:32.020 --> 00:42:36.020
But there are also men in Spain, for example,
so.

449
00:42:36.020 --> 00:42:41.020
To the deceased who then die, how can you

450
00:42:41.020 --> 00:42:47.020
deal with your fate when you are affected?

451
00:42:48.020 --> 00:42:51.020
None. But if you get this disease.

452
00:42:53.020 --> 00:42:57.020
To when you then

453
00:42:57.020 --> 00:43:00.080
than yet.

454
00:43:01.080 --> 00:43:02.080
Yes, how can you accept that?

455
00:43:02.080 --> 00:43:07.080
Yes, yes.

456
00:43:07.080 --> 00:43:13.080
I would like to interject two different differentiations
in answering this question.

457
00:43:13.080 --> 00:43:21.080
On the one hand, there is the individual perspective
of an individual affected person and on the
other hand, there is the social perspective.

458
00:43:22.080 --> 00:43:23.080
This is the first distinction.

459
00:43:23.080 --> 00:43:30.080
And the second distinction is perhaps between
a very old attitude, which already existed
in antiquity, and a very modern attitude, which

460
00:43:30.080 --> 00:43:34.080
did not exist in antiquity.

461
00:43:34.080 --> 00:43:41.080
So first of all, let's start, perhaps with
the individual level about the difference between
old and current answers.

462
00:43:41.080 --> 00:43:47.080
So if an accident happens to me because I get
sick,

463
00:43:47.080 --> 00:43:52.080
because maybe the people I love get sick and
die.

464
00:43:52.080 --> 00:43:59.080
The people I love may die in a natural disaster
if I suffer from injustices

465
00:43:59.080 --> 00:44:06.040
of society, from inequalities that put me at
a disadvantage if I suffer like this.

466
00:44:08.040 --> 00:44:14.040
The answer of antiquity, which one can still
think about today, is what I myself have no
control over.

467
00:44:14.040 --> 00:44:20.040
That which I cannot change or influence myself.

468
00:44:20.040 --> 00:44:23.040
That shouldn't make me unhappy and I have to
free myself from it.

469
00:44:23.040 --> 00:44:28.040
Somehow, by realizing: That's life.

470
00:44:28.040 --> 00:44:29.040
Suffering is part of life.

471
00:44:29.040 --> 00:44:32.040
We will never get rid of suffering.

472
00:44:32.040 --> 00:44:42.040
Suffering from things that happen to oneself
or the events that may happen to the person
we love.

473
00:44:42.040 --> 00:44:45.040
We have to reckon with this in calculation,
in life.

474
00:44:45.040 --> 00:44:50.040
And we have to develop some kind of attitude,
perhaps of acceptance of the other person.

475
00:44:51.040 --> 00:44:59.040
So. And the modern answer is no, it should
not be that way, because we have a lot in our
hands.

476
00:45:00.000 --> 00:45:03.000
On the one hand individually, but even more
so.

477
00:45:03.000 --> 00:45:06.000
We don't have to put up with illnesses.

478
00:45:06.000 --> 00:45:12.000
We can fight diseases through modern medicine
and modern health promotion measures.

479
00:45:12.000 --> 00:45:17.000
This means that we do not have to resign ourselves
to the fact that an epidemic will come and
kill many people.

480
00:45:17.000 --> 00:45:23.000
Because we can develop vaccinations or implement
hygiene measures.

481
00:45:23.000 --> 00:45:31.000
We don't have to resign ourselves to the fact
that a storm like the recent one in Spain kills
many, 100 or maybe even 1000 people.

482
00:45:32.000 --> 00:45:37.000
Because we can set up flood protection measures.

483
00:45:37.000 --> 00:45:41.000
We can warn the population at an early stage
so that everyone can get to safety.

484
00:45:41.000 --> 00:45:48.000
And the very modern attitude is that we do
not have to resign ourselves to social

485
00:45:48.000 --> 00:45:54.000
inequalities and injustices, nor do we have
to resign ourselves to the injustices of nature.

486
00:45:55.000 --> 00:46:03.060
We can fight against this, on the one hand
individually, but even more collectively, by
trying to overcome social inequalities.

487
00:46:03.060 --> 00:46:09.060
For example, by promoting equality between
men and women more strongly in society,

488
00:46:09.060 --> 00:46:14.060
prescribing it by law and also cultivating
it individually in our own lives.

489
00:46:15.060 --> 00:46:22.060
And we can fight diseases, we can fight natural
disasters and maybe we won't get everything
under control.

490
00:46:22.060 --> 00:46:31.060
But we can get a grip on a lot of things and
these are the two ways we can take to deal
with these things.

491
00:46:31.060 --> 00:46:38.060
And we probably have to go both ways. But I'm
amazed

492
00:46:38.060 --> 00:46:44.060
at how many things we can now control and change.

493
00:46:45.060 --> 00:46:50.060
And that is at the same time an invitation
and the attitude of our time.

494
00:46:50.060 --> 00:46:57.060
We don't have to put up with many of the evils
in the world because we can change them.

495
00:47:00.020 --> 00:47:06.020
About the future As if Professor Psychopath
as of today or has given a seminar

496
00:47:06.020 --> 00:47:13.020
to the lecture given to the students, his clients,
the number they will go

497
00:47:13.020 --> 00:47:20.020
from today to this are and should be between
30 to 40 who already have four children,

498
00:47:21.020 --> 00:47:25.020
which she then gave the

499
00:47:25.020 --> 00:47:30.020
student in the lecture, then she was 18, 19
years old.

500
00:47:31.020 --> 00:47:32.020
Their euphoria. And then?

501
00:47:32.020 --> 00:47:33.020
What would my life be then?

502
00:47:33.020 --> 00:47:44.020
Because I, since I'm her or 39 now, yes, but
then the students almost all have schools,
have written term papers here at the house.

503
00:47:44.020 --> 00:47:46.020
They have a perfect life for their careers.

504
00:47:46.020 --> 00:47:52.020
Yes, for her.

505
00:47:52.020 --> 00:47:56.020
And they can never predict each other. So,
because you have to

506
00:47:57.020 --> 00:48:00.080
what you.

507
00:48:00.080 --> 00:48:04.080
Where you can

508
00:48:04.080 --> 00:48:10.080
today works, a long time ago only those want
and then so they have before

509
00:48:10.080 --> 00:48:17.080
sometimes life is never easy, you have to and
yes you practice technique

510
00:48:17.080 --> 00:48:23.080
so if you practice technique yes, yes yes so
the people who learn vocabulary

511
00:48:23.080 --> 00:48:29.080
well, they have to practice for years an hour
of working time or more

512
00:48:29.080 --> 00:48:38.080
meaningful, then they have to practice for
hours, practice, practice, wherever the.

513
00:48:38.080 --> 00:48:42.080
Memory is very short.

514
00:48:42.080 --> 00:48:45.080
Successful players.

515
00:48:45.080 --> 00:48:47.080
He has, when he has the.

516
00:48:47.080 --> 00:48:53.080
As an example of what it is about what can
you do

517
00:48:53.080 --> 00:48:59.080
so the school is always very unsure you have

518
00:48:59.080 --> 00:49:04.040
the future for so great because life.

519
00:49:04.040 --> 00:49:06.040
Yes, what, what?

520
00:49:06.040 --> 00:49:14.040
What can you deal with the topic of the future
if the topic is very uncertain? Yes, there
we are again at the beginning of our

521
00:49:14.040 --> 00:49:17.040
conversation.

522
00:49:17.040 --> 00:49:20.040
One asks oneself the question: What do I want
in life?

523
00:49:20.040 --> 00:49:23.040
Why do I live and how do I want to live?

524
00:49:23.040 --> 00:49:30.040
And that you might be dealing with yourself,
letting your inner voice have its say.

525
00:49:30.040 --> 00:49:35.040
And not just work through the demands of society.
And.

526
00:49:36.040 --> 00:49:42.040
And when you have become clear about possibilities
that you want to try, paths that you

527
00:49:42.040 --> 00:49:49.040
want to take, then you also have to realize
that you have to take care of life and that
life is not easy.

528
00:49:49.040 --> 00:49:52.040
And you have to work on your own life.

529
00:49:52.040 --> 00:50:02.000
This can be due to the fact that you are professionally
committed, practicing, trying to get better,
working on yourself.

530
00:50:02.000 --> 00:50:05.000
Many do this, that. That can be a way.

531
00:50:05.000 --> 00:50:11.000
But it doesn't matter whether you really try
hard, try hard, practice

532
00:50:11.000 --> 00:50:17.000
a lot or whether your own path might not go
in this direction.

533
00:50:18.000 --> 00:50:24.000
It is true that you have to ask yourself the
question, in which direction do I want and.

534
00:50:25.000 --> 00:50:33.000
And no matter which path you take, you have
to realize that you have to take care of your
own life, that it doesn't just happen automatically.

535
00:50:33.000 --> 00:50:42.000
You have to strive for a good life, actively
shape your own life and perhaps also come to
terms with it.

536
00:50:42.000 --> 00:50:50.000
Sometimes it's not going perfectly or that
it's not going well in many aspects.

537
00:50:50.000 --> 00:50:57.000
And you also have to deal with the possibility
of failure in life

538
00:50:57.000 --> 00:51:04.060
somehow and perhaps, if it comes to that, look
for ways to come to terms with it.

539
00:51:04.060 --> 00:51:08.060
This can also be a way to the good life. And
around.

540
00:51:10.060 --> 00:51:19.060
And it is very important that you somehow free
yourself from external pressure and social
ideas when you are around.

541
00:51:19.060 --> 00:51:26.060
If you take the path of fulfilling it, it is
because you want to fulfill it and not because
you give in to external pressure.

542
00:51:27.060 --> 00:51:30.060
My next question is.

543
00:51:30.060 --> 00:51:34.060
What is the point of studying?

544
00:51:34.060 --> 00:51:38.060
Why do you attend a course of study and we
have.

545
00:51:38.060 --> 00:51:44.060
We have one, but here in New York and there
are a lot of people who have said, a lot of

546
00:51:44.060 --> 00:51:54.060
people who have studied, master's engineers,
who think they already know everything just
for Weiß and the colleague who has training.

547
00:51:55.060 --> 00:51:56.060
They don't know that much.

548
00:51:56.060 --> 00:52:04.020
And they want such an employer. Has.

549
00:52:04.020 --> 00:52:08.020
They never foresaw a security caste.

550
00:52:08.020 --> 00:52:15.020
And then they go into training and you have
a lot of experience.

551
00:52:15.020 --> 00:52:18.020
And then we also have one for the employers.

552
00:52:18.020 --> 00:52:27.020
Work experience is very important, but you
never learn through your studies what you learn
on the job.

553
00:52:27.020 --> 00:52:31.020
And I also read Thomas Edison.

554
00:52:31.020 --> 00:52:42.020
He has no shoes at all, but so because his
family was so poor and later because they think
about how much he put into theirs.

555
00:52:45.020 --> 00:52:45.020
hair.

556
00:52:45.020 --> 00:52:48.020
Does that still make sense?

557
00:52:49.020 --> 00:52:54.020
Or is that what is the point of studying?

558
00:52:54.020 --> 00:52:59.020
So I do believe that it makes sense to attend
a college, a university.

559
00:52:59.020 --> 00:53:02.080
You can separate on different levels, I think.

560
00:53:02.080 --> 00:53:07.080
So it's true that it's important to acquire
specialist knowledge.

561
00:53:07.080 --> 00:53:12.080
If you study mechanical engineering, you have
to learn to build machines.

562
00:53:12.080 --> 00:53:15.080
If you study computer science, you have to
learn programming.

563
00:53:15.080 --> 00:53:20.080
When you study social work, you have to learn
the methods of social work.

564
00:53:21.080 --> 00:53:27.080
But of course it is also important that you
practice mental

565
00:53:27.080 --> 00:53:36.080
flexibility during your studies, which you
can then use later in your professional life.

566
00:53:36.080 --> 00:53:43.080
Because in professional life, the situations
that you have to cope with do not correspond
to the situations in your studies.

567
00:53:43.080 --> 00:53:50.080
And it will not be enough to simply apply the
specialist knowledge you have acquired during
your studies in your professional life.

568
00:53:50.080 --> 00:53:57.080
You always have to adapt to new situations
and then it helps if you maintain, practice,
learn and practice mental flexibility during
your

569
00:53:57.080 --> 00:54:01.040
studies.

570
00:54:01.040 --> 00:54:08.040
If you promote an attitude of curiosity and
if we look at such inventors

571
00:54:08.040 --> 00:54:14.040
as Edison or other inventors and entrepreneurs,
then they are

572
00:54:14.040 --> 00:54:23.040
characterized by a certain curiosity, a desire
for the world, a curiosity about the world.

573
00:54:23.040 --> 00:54:29.040
And I believe that such an attitude can also
be encouraged during studies. And.

574
00:54:29.040 --> 00:54:35.040
And then you can point out that your studies
are also about educating yourself,

575
00:54:35.040 --> 00:54:41.040
developing yourself as a personality, developing
your curiosity about the

576
00:54:41.040 --> 00:54:47.040
world, finding out who you are and what you
want in this world.

577
00:54:47.040 --> 00:54:52.040
And this can already be addressed during your
studies. And.

578
00:54:53.040 --> 00:54:58.040
And even during your studies, you can address
the fact that you are not alone in this world.

579
00:54:58.040 --> 00:55:08.000
That you develop together with other people
in your professional life, develop in your
private life, develop in social life.

580
00:55:08.000 --> 00:55:13.000
And that you also have a certain responsibility
towards other people.

581
00:55:13.000 --> 00:55:20.000
This means that social responsibility is also
a topic that can be addressed during your studies.

582
00:55:20.000 --> 00:55:28.000
For example, by asking yourself the question:
What are the consequences of the technologies
that I develop in my professional field?

583
00:55:29.000 --> 00:55:31.000
What do these technologies do to society?

584
00:55:31.000 --> 00:55:35.000
What ethical questions do these technologies
raise?

585
00:55:35.000 --> 00:55:41.000
And all this can be addressed in your studies:
And thus broaden your view from

586
00:55:41.000 --> 00:55:47.000
narrow technical questions to larger questions,
larger questions that have

587
00:55:47.000 --> 00:55:53.000
to do with your own life and that have to do
with social coexistence.

588
00:55:53.000 --> 00:56:03.060
And that's why many people in business contexts
point out that the question of meaning also
arises in business contexts in companies.

589
00:56:03.060 --> 00:56:05.060
Why do I work for this company?

590
00:56:05.060 --> 00:56:09.060
Why do I do what I do every day?

591
00:56:09.060 --> 00:56:15.060
One of these buzzwords is purpose and the indication
that people who feel

592
00:56:15.060 --> 00:56:22.060
a purpose, a meaning in life and also feel
it in their professional activity,

593
00:56:22.060 --> 00:56:28.060
like to work, prefer to work and also work
better, and in this respect life,

594
00:56:28.060 --> 00:56:34.060
in professional life and also in studies it
is about broadening the

595
00:56:34.060 --> 00:56:41.060
perspective, having a broad view of the world
and one's own actions in the

596
00:56:41.060 --> 00:56:51.060
world and thus becoming professionally successful
and perhaps also personal happy people who
feel a purpose in life.

597
00:56:52.060 --> 00:56:53.060
Thank you very much!

598
00:56:53.060 --> 00:56:54.060
Thank you very much for the interview.

599
00:56:54.060 --> 00:56:58.060
We have learned so much from you. Thank you.

600
00:56:58.060 --> 00:57:02.020
The spectators have so much fun. Just like
me. Thank you.

601
00:57:02.020 --> 00:57:05.020
Thank you very much for the invitation and
this opportunity. Thank you.